Tag: Linux

Use Docker Image offline with Save and Load command in Ubuntu

April 29, 2022 /

Docker Save and Load command

At times if you dont want to always pull the image from image registry which takes time to pull if the image’s are heavy, it makes sense to save the image and use it offline. This avoids to always pull the image from the registry.

Save the image once into tar file and reuse the images.

To Save image use follwoing command

First pull the image from repository

docker pull httpd
docker image save httpd -o httpdimage.tar

Get the image from the tar file instead pulling it from the registry

docker image load -i httpdimage.tar

Cache Busting and Version Pinning when building Docker images

January 24, 2022 /
docker file – Layered Architecture

Docker uses Layered Architecture. When using Docker files it creates a new layer in the image which adds additional space to the image based on the instructions for that layer.

When a Docker build command is run it proceeds from the first instruction in Docker file to the last while caching each stage so as if the build fails next time build uses cache until it ran succesully and invalidated the stage that failed and the following stage. Layers repurpose the previous layers and don’t have to build all of them again.

In below example Docker file has 6 stages. Each stage will be cached when build command is ran.

Suppose a build fails at Stage 3 due to some reason or new package has to be added the Docker will invalidate the Stage 3 and the following stages

Next time when a issue is rectified the build command will repurpose the previuos layers and build the failed stages

docker file – Layered Architecture

But in this case the repository will not be update, so how to resolve or update the repository with the packages-

Cache Busting

In this case we can to combine the instructions so the repository is updated along with packages as below

docker file – Cache Busting and Version Pinning

Merging Stage 2 and Stage 3 from the previous docker file in to single instruction will ensure the repository is first udpated and pakages are installed

Merging these stages is called as Cache Busting

Version Pinning

You can also explicity mention the version of package to be installed

In stage 2 docker file is instrcuting to install python3-pip 21.3.1 version

Best Practice-

Instructions which are most frequently modified should be at the bottom of the file and the instructions which are least modified should be at the top of the docker file

Commands to understand Linux kernel and hardware

December 5, 2021 /

Understand the OS versoin and Linux machine hardware

Use uname command to display information of kernel

uname

For more information of kernel use-

uname -r

5 is Kernel Version

11 is Major Version

0 is Minor Version

1022 is patch release

azure is specific info

To understand CPU of machine use lscpu command

lscpu

In this case Architecture is x86_64 with CPU socket 1 and threads that run in parallel is 4.

To understand physical disk use lsblk command

lsblk

sda shows block devices of type disk

Use lsmem command to get the memory of the Linux machine

lsmem

Use free -m command to get the free memory i.e. total vs used memory

free -m

Append the command with sudo to run the command as super user